Purpose

DosOpenL opens a new file, an existing file, or a replacement for an existing file. An open file can have extended attributes.

Syntax

#define INCL DOSFILEMGR
#include  os2.h 

APIRET DosOpenL

(PSZ pszFileName, PHFILE pHf, PULONG pulAction, LONGLONG cbFile, ULONG ulAttribute, ULONG fsOpenFlags, ULONG fsOpenMode, PEAOP2 peaop2)

Parameters

pszFileName PSZ) input

Address of the ASCIIZ path name of the file or device to be opened.
pHf PHFILE) output
Address of the handle for the file.
pulAction PULONG) output
Address of the variable that receives the value that specifies the action taken by the DosOpenL function.

If DosOpenL fails, this value has no meaning. Otherwise, it is one of the following values

• FILE_EXISTED

  File already existed.

• FILE_CREATED

  File was created.

• FILE_TRUNCATED

  File existed and was changed to a given size (file was replaced).

cbFile LONGLONG) input
New logical size of the file (end of data, EOD), in bytes.

This parameter is significant only when creating a new file or replacing an existing one. Otherwise, it is ignored. It is an error to create or replace a file with a nonzero length if the fsOpenMode Access-Mode flag is set to read-only.

ulAttribute ULONG) input
File attribute information.

Possible values are

Bits

Description
31 6
Reserved, must be 0.
5
FILE_ARCHIVED (0x00000020)

File has been archived.

4
FILE_DIRECTORY (0x00000010)

File is a subdirectory.

3
Reserved, must be 0.
2
FILE_SYSTEM (0x00000004)

File is a system file.

1
FILE_HIDDEN (0x00000002)

File is hidden and does not appear in a directory listing.

0
FILE_READONLY (0x00000001)

File can be read from, but not written to.

0
FILE_NORMAL (0x00000000)

File can be read from or written to.

File attributes apply only if the file is created.

These bits may be set individually or in combination. For example, an attribute value of 0x00000021 (bits 5 and 0 set to 1) indicates a read-only file that has been archived.

fsOpenFlags ULONG) input
The action to be taken depending on whether the file exists or does not exist.

Possible values are

Bits

Description
31 8
Reserved, must be 0.
7 4
The following flags apply if the file does not exist

0000

OPEN_ACTION_FAIL_IF_NEW

Open an existing file; fail if the file does not exist.

0001
OPEN_ACTION_CREATE_IF_NEW

Create the file if the file does not exist.

3 0
The following flags apply if the file already exists

0000

OPEN_ACTION_FAIL_IF_EXISTS

Open the file; fail if the file already exists.

0001
OPEN_ACTION_OPEN_IF_EXISTS

Open the file if it already exists.

0010
OPEN_ACTION_REPLACE_IF_EXISTS

Replace the file if it already exists.

fsOpenMode ULONG) input
The mode of the open function. Possible values are

Bits

Description
31 16
Reserved, must be zero.
15
OPEN_FLAGS_DASD (0x00008000)

Direct Open flag

• pszFileName represents a file to be opened normally.

• pszFileName is drive (such as c or a ), and represents a mounted disk or diskette volume to be opened for direct access.
14
OPEN_FLAGS_WRITE_THROUGH (0x00004000)

Write-Through flag

• Writes to the file may go through the file-system driver s cache. The file-system driver writes the sectors when the cache is full or the file is closed.

• Writes to the file may go through the file-system driver s cache, but the sectors are written (the actual file I/O operation is completed) before a synchronous write call returns. This state of the file defines it as a synchronous file. For synchronous files, this bit must be set, because the data must be written to the medium for synchronous write operations.

  This bit flag is not inherited by child processes.

13
OPEN_FLAGS_FAIL_ON_ERROR (0x00002000)

Fail-Errors flag. Media I/O errors are handled as follows

• Reported through the system critical-error handler.

• Reported directly to the caller by way of a return code.

  Media I/O errors generated through Category 08h Logical Disk Control IOCtl Commands always get reported directly to the caller by way of return code. The Fail-Errors function applies only to non-IOCtl handle-based file I/O calls.

  This flag bit is not inherited by child processes.

12
OPEN_FLAGS_NO_CACHE (0x00001000)

No-Cache Cache flag

• The file-system driver should place data from I/O operations into its cache.

• I/O operations to the file need not be done through the file-system driver s cache.

  The setting of this bit determines whether file-system drivers should place data into the cache. Like the write-through bit, this is a per-handle bit, and is not inherited by child processes.

11
Reserved; must be 0.
10 8
The locality of reference flags contain information about how the application is to get access to the file. The values are as follows

000

OPEN_FLAGS_NO_LOCALITY (0x00000000)

No locality known.

001
OPEN_FLAGS_SEQUENTIAL (0x00000100)

Mainly sequential access.

010
OPEN_FLAGS_RANDOM (0x00000200)

Mainly random access.

011
OPEN_FLAGS_RANDOMSEQUENTIAL (0x00000300)

Random with some locality.

7
OPEN_FLAGS_NOINHERIT (0x00000080)

Inheritance flag

• File handle is inherited by a process created from a call to DosExecPgm.

• File handle is private to the current process.

  This bit is not inherited by child processes.

6 4
Sharing Mode flags. This field defines any restrictions to file access placed by the caller on other processes. The values are as follows

001

OPEN_SHARE_DENYREADWRITE (0x00000010)

Deny read write access.

010
OPEN_SHARE_DENYWRITE (0x00000020)

Deny write access.

011
OPEN_SHARE_DENYREAD (0x00000030)

Deny read access.

100
OPEN_SHARE_DENYNONE (0x00000040)

Deny neither read nor write access (deny none).

Any other value is invalid.

29
OPEN_SHARE_DENYLEGACY (0x10000000)

Deny read/write access by the DosOpen command.

• Allow read/write access by the DosOpen command.

• Deny read/write access by the DosOpen command.

  A file opened by DosOpenL will not be allowed to grow larger than 2GB while that same file is open with a legacy DosOpen call. Setting this bit to 1 will prevent access by the obsolete DosOpen API and ensure that no error will occur when growing the file.

  Any other value is invalid.

3
Reserved; must be 0.
2 0
Access-Mode flags. This field defines the file access required by the caller. The values are as follows

000

OPEN_ACCESS_READONLY (0x00000000)

Read-only access

001
OPEN_ACCESS_WRITEONLY (0x00000001)

Write-only access

010
OPEN_ACCESS_READWRITE (0x00000002)

Read/write access.

Any other value is invalid, as are any other combinations.

File sharing requires the cooperation of sharing processes. This cooperation is communicated through sharing and access modes. Any sharing restrictions placed on a file opened by a process are removed when the process closes the file with a DosClose request.

Sharing Mode

Specifies the type of file access that other processes may have. For example, if other processes can continue to read the file while your process is operating on it, specify Deny Write. The sharing mode prevents other processes from writing to the file but still allows them to read it.
Access Mode
Specifies the type of file access (access mode) needed by your process. For example, if your process requires read/write access, and another process has already opened the file with a sharing mode of Deny None, your DosOpenL request succeeds. However, if the file is open with a sharing mode of Deny Write, the process is denied access.

If the file is inherited by a child process, all sharing and access restrictions also are inherited.

If an open file handle is duplicated by a call to DosDupHandle, all sharing and access restrictions also are duplicated.

peaop2 PEAOP2) in/out
Extended attributes.

This parameter is used only to specify extended attributes (EAs) when creating a new file, replacing an existing file, or truncating an existing file. When opening existing files, it should be set to null.

Input

The address of the extended-attribute buffer, which contains an EAOP2 structure. fpFEA2List points to a data area where the relevant FEA2 list is to be found. fpGEA2List and oError are ignored.
Output
fpGEA2List and fpFEA2List are unchanged. The area that fpFEA2List points to is unchanged. If an error occurred during the set, oError is the offset of the FEA2 entry where the error occurred. The return code from DosOpenL is the error code for that error condition. If no error occurred, oError is undefined.

If peaop2 is zero, then no extended attributes are defined for the file.

If extended attributes are not to be defined or modified, the pointer peaop2 must be set to zero.

Returns

ulrc APIRET) returns

Return Code.

DosOpenL returns one of the following values

• NO_ERROR

• ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND

• ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND

• ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES

• ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED

  12

  ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS
  26
  ERROR_NOT_DOS_DISK
  32
  ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION
  36
  ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED
  82
  ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE
  87
  ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
  99
  ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE
  108
  ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED
  110
  ERROR_OPEN_FAILED
  112
  ERROR_DISK_FULL
  206
  ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE
  231
  ERROR_PIPE_BUSY

  Remarks

  A successful DosOpenL request returns a handle for accessing the file. The read/write pointer is set at the first byte of the file. The position of the pointer can be changed with DosSetFilePtrL or by read and write operations on the file.

  The file s date and time can be queried with DosQueryFileInfo. They are set with DosSetFileInfo.

  The read-only attribute of a file can be set with the ATTRIB command.

  ulAttribute cannot be set to Volume Label. To set volume label information, issue DosSetFSInfo with a logical drive number. Volume labels cannot be opened.

  cbFile affects the size of the file only when the file is new or is a replacement. If an existing file is opened, cbFile is ignored. To change the size of the existing file, issue DosSetFileSizeL.

  The value in cbFile is a recommended size. If the full size cannot be allocated, the open request may still succeed. The file system makes a reasonable attempt to allocate the new size in an area that is as nearly contiguous as possible on the medium. When the file size is extended, the values of the new bytes are undefined.

  The Direct Open bit provides direct access to an entire disk or diskette volume, independent of the file system. This mode of opening the volume that is currently on the drive returns a handle to the calling function; the handle represents the logical volume as a single file. The calling function specifies this handle with a DosDevIOCtl Category 8, DSK_LOCKDRIVE request to prevent other processes from accessing the logical volume. When you are finished using the logical volume, issue a DosDevIOCtl Category 8, DSK_UNLOCKDRIVE request to allow other processes to access the logical volume.

  The file-handle state bits can be set by DosOpenL and DosSetFHState. An application can query the file-handle state bits, as well as the rest of the Open Mode field, by issuing DosQueryFHState.

  You can use an EAOP2 structure to set extended attributes in peaop2 when creating a file, replacing an existing file, or truncating an existing file. No extended attributes are set when an existing file is just opened.

  A replacement operation is logically equivalent to atomically deleting and re-creating the file. This means that any extended attributes associated with the file also are deleted before the file is re-created.

  Related Functions

  • DosClose

  • DosDevIOCtl

  • DosDupHandle

  • DosQueryHType

  • DosSetFileInfo

  • DosSetFilePtrL

  • DosSetFileSizeL

  • DosSetMaxFH

  • DosSetRelMaxFH

  Example Code

  This example opens or creates and opens a normal file named DOSTEST.DAT , writes to it, reads from it, and finally closes it.

  #define INCL_DOSFILEMGR          /* File Manager values */#define INCL_DOSERRORS           /* DOS Error values    */
  #include  os2.h 
  #include  stdio.h 
  #include  string.h 
  
  int main(void)  
  HFILE  hfFileHandle   = 0L;     /* Handle for file being manipulated */
  ULONG  ulAction       = 0;      /* Action taken by DosOpenL */
  ULONG  ulBytesRead    = 0;      /* Number of bytes read by DosRead */
  ULONG  ulWrote        = 0;      /* Number of bytes written by DosWrite */
  LONGLONG  ullLocal    = 0;      /* File pointer position after DosSetFilePtrL */
  UCHAR  uchFileName 20   = "dostest.dat",     /* Name of file */
  uchFileData 100  = " ";               /* Data to write to file */
  APIRET rc             = NO_ERROR;            /* Return code */
  
  /* Open the file test.dat.  Use an existing file or create a new */
  /* one if it doesn't exist.                                      */
  rc = DosOpenL(uchFileName,                    /* File path name */
   hfFileHandle,                  /* File handle */
   ulAction,                      /* Action taken */
  (LONGLONG)100,                    /* File primary allocation */
  FILE_ARCHIVED | FILE_NORMAL,    /* File attribute */
  OPEN_ACTION_CREATE_IF_NEW |
  OPEN_ACTION_OPEN_IF_EXISTS,     /* Open function type */
  OPEN_FLAGS_NOINHERIT |
  OPEN_SHARE_DENYNONE  |
  OPEN_ACCESS_READWRITE,          /* Open mode of the file */
  0L);                            /* No extended attribute */
  
  if (rc != NO_ERROR)  
  printf("DosOpenL error  return code = %u\n", rc);
  return 1;
    else  
  printf ("DosOpenL  Action taken = %ld\n", ulAction);
    /* endif *//* Write a string to the file */
  strcpy (uchFileData, "testing...\n1...\n2...\n3\n");
  
  rc = DosWrite (hfFileHandle,                /* File handle */
  (PVOID) uchFileData,         /* String to be written */
  sizeof (uchFileData),        /* Size of string to be written */
   ulWrote);                   /* Bytes actually written */
  
  if (rc != NO_ERROR)  
  printf("DosWrite error  return code = %u\n", rc);
  return 1;
    else  
  printf ("DosWrite  Bytes written = %u\n", ulWrote);
    /* endif */
  
  /* Move the file pointer back to the beginning of the file */
  rc = DosSetFilePtrL (hfFileHandle,           /* File Handle */
  (LONGLONG)0,            /* Offset */
  FILE_BEGIN,             /* Move from BOF */
   ullLocal);             /* New location address */
  if (rc != NO_ERROR)  
  printf("DosSetFilePtrL error  return code = %u\n", rc);
  return 1;
   
  
  /* Read the first 100 bytes of the file */
  rc = DosRead (hfFileHandle,                /* File Handle */
  uchFileData,                 /* String to be read */
  100L,                        /* Length of string to be read */
   ulBytesRead);               /* Bytes actually read */
  
  if (rc != NO_ERROR)  
  printf("DosRead error  return code = %u\n", rc);
  return 1;
    else  
  printf ("DosRead  Bytes read = %u\n%s\n", ulBytesRead, uchFileData);
    /* endif */
  
  rc = DosClose(hfFileHandle);                /* Close the file */
  
  if (rc != NO_ERROR)  
  printf("DosClose error  return code = %u\n", rc);
  return 1;
   
  return NO_ERROR;
   
  

  ---

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