When an application translates an object by using the translation transformation, the matrix element M31 contains the horizontal translation component, and the matrix element M32 contains the vertical translation component, as follows: 

                          Ú         ¿
                          ³ 1  0  0 ³
[ x' y' 1 ] = [ x y 1 ] * ³ 0  1  0 ³
                          ³ Tx Ty 1 ³
                          À         Ù

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